Sodium Hexa is a broad term that can refer to several different substances. However, one of the most common substances that is referred to under this name is Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), also known as Graham's salt or sodium polyphosphate. It is white, crystalline, odorless, and water-soluble. SHMP has a variety of industrial applications, including water treatment, food processing, and detergents.

In water treatment, SHMP helps prevent the formation of scale in water systems by binding to calcium ions, which are responsible for scale buildup. It also prevents corrosion in steel pipes by forming a protective layer on the surface. Additionally, SHMP can be a coagulant to settle suspended solids and turbidity in the water, making it clearer and safer to consume.

In food processing, SHMP acts as an emulsifier, helping to keep oil and water-based ingredients mixed together. Also, it works as a sequestrant, which means it binds with metal ions to prevent reactions that would change the texture or flavor of the food. This prolongs the shelf life of certain foods, particularly canned goods, and is widely used in processed meats, dairy products, baked goods, and fruit juices.

In detergents, SHMP serves as a builder to soften water and improve cleaning performance and as a dispersant to keep ingredients suspended and prevent clumping. It is an essential ingredient in many laundry detergents and dishwashing liquids.