Disodium hydrogen phosphate is a white crystalline powder composed of sodium cations and phosphate anions. It is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as a buffering agent, pH adjuster, and emulsifier. Disodium hydrogen phosphate is also used in the production of other chemicals, as a cleaning agent, and in water treatment processes. It is typically administered intravenously or orally as a treatment for certain medical conditions, such as hypophosphatemia and urinary tract infections.